The material powder, glass liquid and flame gas in the glass furnace will corrode the refractory materials at high temperatures, so that the refractory materials used in the glass furnace will be dissolved, peeled off, thinned, deteriorated, and recrystallized. This is called the corrosion of the refractory material.
The corrosion effect of refractory materials for glass kilns is manifested in the complex phase reaction between the glass liquid and the refractory material interface. The glass liquid first dissolves the free SiO2 in the refractory material. The dissolution rate of mullite is relatively small. It gathers at the interface between molten glass and refractory material. Although the small crystalline mullite is dissolved, the large crystalline mullite even grows during use. After the refractory is corroded, SiO2 and Al2O3 are added to the melt in contact with it. The melt will diffuse into the rest of the glass. During the diffusion process, the composition of the melt changes, SiO2 and alkalinity increase, and the aggregation of β-Al2O3, nepheline and feldspar crystals occurs at the interface, and also the contact between the refractory and the molten glass On the surface, first is the mullite layer, then the nepheline or feldspar crystals layer, and then the uncorroded refractory material. After the refractory material is dissolved, the viscosity of the glass liquid increases, which promotes the formation of a protective layer that is difficult to move on the surface of the refractory material, and weakens the effect of continued erosion. This balance is broken, and the corrosion between the molten glass and the refractory material will happen again.
The soda ash, Glauber's salt, borate, fluoride, and oxides in the batch react with the surface of the refractory at high temperatures to form eutectic or loose substances, and continue to move forward with the help of the alternate reaction of the voids or interfaces of the refractory itself. The internal penetration and diffusion of the bricks lead to corrosion of refractory materials. The corrosion mechanism of the various salts and compounds mentioned above is different. Glauber's salt has a much stronger corrosion effect on refractory materials than soda ash.
The corrosion effect of the batch powder on the material is mainly manifested in the erosion of the refractory material by the alkali vapor evaporated at the high temperature of the powder, such as the erosion of the surface of the silica brick, the internal "rat holes", etc., and the haze generated in the checker bricks. Petrochemical effect and so on. In addition, the ultra-fine powder fly material in the powder material accumulates in the grid body of the regenerator, forming tumors, blocking the grid holes, and in severe cases, causing the grid bricks to collapse and damage, and they are forced to be repaired. The effect of corrosion is aggravated with the increase of temperature, and each increase of the melting temperature by 50 to 60 ℃ will shorten the service life by about one year. The front wall, the charging port, the front space of the melting part, the pool wall, the small furnace, the upper grid body of the regenerator and other parts will be corroded by the powder.
The combustion products of gas and heavy oil (contains corrosive gases such as SO2, V2O5) and the volatiles of individual batch components will also corrode the refractory materials in the flame space, small furnace, regenerator, etc. At high temperatures, different refractory materials used in glass kilns will react with each other and cause damage. For example, between 1600°C and 1650°C, clay bricks and silica bricks will react severely, high alumina bricks and silica bricks will react to a moderate degree, and fused zirconia corundum bricks and silica bricks will react violently and severely eutectic. Fused zirconium corundum bricks react moderately with quartz bricks and white foam, so transition materials should be set between the fused zirconium corundum bricks and silica bricks.
The checker bricks used in the regenerator are also damaged due to the effect of the redox atmosphere. The damage mechanism is mainly due to the oxidation and reduction states caused by the different valence states of the variable ions, the different coordination states, and the volume changes of the reactant phases, resulting in a decrease in the strength of the bricks. And damaged.
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