Refractory materials are the material basis of the glass furnace, which directly affects the overall benefits of the furnace. In the glass furnace, the amount of refractory materials is large, and the cost also accounts for the main proportion of the total furnace cost. Therefore, the selection of refractory materials should be rationally configured.
The overall goal of the selection of refractory materials for glass kilns is to comprehensively consider both technical and economic factors, taking into account the physical and chemical properties, structural form and critical performance of refractory materials, the operating environment parameters of various parts of the kiln and the corrosion mechanism of materials at high temperatures. Based on the mutual reaction, we combine the accumulated detailed knowledge and practical experience about the actual operating performance of the furnace and refractory materials, select and match the refractory materials reasonably in each part of the furnace, so as to achieve the equilibrium of corrosion and loss, so as to extend the service life and reduce the cost. The best use effect. Specific requirements are as follows.
① Satisfy the necessary performance, such as high temperature performance, chemical stability, thermal stability, volume stability and mechanical strength.
② It does not pollute the molten glass and has little effect on the quality of the molten glass.
③ The longest service life possible.
④ There is no contact reaction between refractory materials of different materials that are laid together under high temperature.
⑤ Use as little material and heat loss as possible.
⑥ High-quality materials are used for vulnerable parts, and general materials can be used for other parts to achieve "reasonable matching, synchronized kiln age".
When selecting refractory materials for glass melting furnaces, the following rules should be followed:
①The selection should be based on the specified operating environment (requirements for raw material composition and batch melting, temperature system, atmosphere, pressure, and flame conditions of fuel combustion, etc.) during the design of the kiln, and the cause of refractory burning and corrosion And configure the corresponding refractory materials.
② According to the designed kiln age of the glass kiln, as well as the rate of burning and erosion of refractory materials used in various parts of the kiln, select and configure a refractory with physical and chemical performance indicators that can reach the designed kiln age and reduce burning loss and erosion, and the appearance dimensions meet the requirements material.
③At the operating temperature, avoid two different refractory materials that can react chemically together. When necessary, transition bricks or transition layers should be set between two different refractory masonry. Otherwise, the lowest eutectic point will be formed, which will accelerate the burning and erosion of refractory materials and greatly affect the age of the glass furnace.
④The refractory materials used in the contact parts with glass liquid should minimize the horizontal brick joints to avoid upward drilling erosion. (Especially fused zirconia corundum bricks), otherwise the erosion rate of the material will increase.
⑤ When building refractory materials, the refractory mud required should be of the same nature as bricks. Refractory materials and refractory mud of different materials shall not be mixed.
⑥ When selecting and configuring refractory materials, it should be economical and reasonable, and the matching should be appropriate. For parts where high-grade refractory materials should be selected, high-grade refractory materials should be used. Otherwise it will not only affect the age of the glass furnace, but also cause great waste and poor economic rationality.
⑦Special personnel should be responsible for the technical management of the glass furnace. During furnace maintenance, observe the burning and erosion conditions of the furnace and find out the weak links so as to improve the furnace design and refractory material selection and configuration in the future. At the same time, a dedicated person is responsible for the relevant technical requirements for refractory materials, physical and chemical test reports, masonry, kiln, use and maintenance, kiln dismantling and maintenance of various materials, original records, and establishment of special files. So as to accumulate experience and continuously improve the selection and configuration level of refractory materials.
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