The lining of submerged arc furnace is composed of thermal insulation layer, thermal insulation layer, thermal insulation layer and working layer. The smelting process is in a complex environment of high temperature, corrosion and heat loss. The damage of the furnace lining increases energy consumption and production costs. An important direction for energy saving in hot furnaces.
The refractory materials used in the construction of the nickel-iron submerged arc furnace include carbon bricks, chrome-magnesium bricks and magnesia ramming materials. Use carbon bricks to build the furnace wall and bottom. Because the electrode paste is used in the process of carbon brick masonry, under the action of high temperature, the electrode paste produces volatiles and creates micro-slits between the carbon bricks, and the liquid ferronickel will penetrate from the micro-slits to the carbon.
The bottom of the brick makes the carbon brick float.
The use of magnesia-carbon bricks or carbon bricks to build the furnace bottom also has the phenomenon of magnesia-carbon bricks floating. Magnesium ramming materials are generally used for furnace bottom masonry. Using magnesia ramming materials, the service life of the furnace bottom is significantly prolonged. The quality ramming material has strong impermeability. Magnesia chrome brick solves the permeation problem of magnesia brick, and its slag resistance is significantly improved. The volume is stable at a temperature of 1800°C, and the high temperature strength is high.
In actual selection, the use of magnesia ramming materials can prolong the life of the furnace lining and achieve energy-saving effects; increase the thickness of the insulation layer, use a single piece of large refractory material such as 400mm*400mm, increase the contact area between the furnace lining and the furnace shell, and have a better thermal insulation effect. , The furnace lining is not easy to float; the use of materials with better thermal insulation effect can reduce the heat loss of the furnace lining.
For cast iron electric furnace lining life, forced water cooling can be used to cool the slag lining. The process is to build the furnace with low thermal resistance refractory materials and equip with cooling facilities. By cooling the furnace shell, the molten iron or slag on the inner surface of the furnace lining forms a solidified layer. Separate the furnace lining from the slag iron to protect the furnace lining.
Due to the smaller thermal conductivity of the solidified layer, the heat loss of the submerged arc furnace can be reduced, thereby achieving the purpose of saving electricity and energy.
Cooling methods include water spraying on the furnace shell and a water-cooled copper sleeve in the furnace wall. The advantage of this process is that the temperature of the furnace wall is well reduced, and the temperature of the furnace lining is controlled. Although the cost of the pre-installed water-cooled copper sleeve is high, the effect is better, and the service life of the furnace lining is greatly improved.
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