Converter collapse is a problem that may be encountered in the steelmaking process. It can be roughly divided into two types: collapse of new converter and collapse of repair materials. For each furnace service, the risk of collapse of a new converter is relatively low and usually only occurs once during the entire furnace service cycle. This is because the newly built converter is brand new in terms of materials and structure, and is relatively more stable.
However, the risk of furnace collapse caused by repair materials increases significantly. During the long-term use of the converter, the furnace lining will gradually wear out due to various factors such as high temperature, chemical reactions, and mechanical wear. At this time, furnace repair operations are required. The refractory materials used in the furnace repair process, the proficiency of the furnace repair technology, and the baking and curing process after the furnace repair will directly affect the stability and service life of the converter after the furnace repair.
Because of this, furnace repair work is particularly important in converter steelmaking. It is not just a simple repair of lost parts, but also a technical activity that requires a high degree of professional knowledge and delicate operations. The quality of furnace repairing is directly related to the safe operation of the converter and steelmaking efficiency. Therefore, furnace workers must strictly follow the operating procedures when performing furnace repairing work to ensure that every step is accurate, thereby minimizing the risk of furnace collapse. .
The reason for the collapse of the furnace
(1) The converter repairing operation is a process that requires extremely high details. A particularly critical step is to ensure that the residue in the furnace is thoroughly cleaned before repairing the furnace. If there is incompletely removed residue in the furnace, it will cause damage to the furnace lining and form a layer of molten slag covering on its surface. The presence of this molten slag will seriously affect the bonding performance between the furnace charge and the furnace lining. During the furnace repairing process, if the repairing materials cannot form an effective bond with the furnace lining surface, or the bonding strength is insufficient, then in the subsequent smelting process, these repairing materials are likely to collapse due to weak bonding. This will not only affect the normal operation of the converter, but may also cause safety hazards to the smelting process. Therefore, before carrying out the repairing operation, the operating procedures must be strictly followed to ensure that the residue in the furnace is completely removed to ensure the quality of the repairing furnace and the stable operation of the converter.
(2) During the converter repairing process, if the repairing materials are used excessively or the sintering time is insufficient, the carbon in the repairing materials will not be able to fully build a stable skeleton structure. In this case, the connection between the filling material and the furnace lining body will not be strong enough. During the smelting process, due to high temperature and mechanical impact, the repair materials may peel off from the furnace lining, causing a furnace collapse accident. In addition, if the surface of the furnace lining is too smooth before repairing, or the layer of repairing materials is accumulated too thick, it will also affect the sintering effect between the repairing materials and the furnace lining. This poor bonding state also increases the risk of furnace collapse. Therefore, when performing furnace repair operations, it is necessary to strictly control the amount of repair materials, ensure sufficient sintering time, and treat the furnace lining surface to improve the bonding force, thereby reducing the probability of furnace collapse accidents.
(3) When talking about the quality of converter lining bricks and filling materials, we have to mention their impact on the operating stability of the converter. At present, magnesia carbon bricks are widely used in converter linings. The application of this material has significantly reduced furnace collapse accidents in newly opened furnaces. However, magnesia carbon bricks may also peel off in high temperature environments. If the peeling is severe, it may cause a furnace collapse accident. After in-depth analysis, we found that this problem often stems from poor quality bricks. Therefore, when selecting furnace lining bricks, we must strictly control their quality to ensure that the selected materials have excellent high temperature resistance and peeling resistance. Only in this way can the risk of furnace collapse accidents be effectively reduced and the stable operation of the converter ensured.
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