Before igniting the furnace, it is necessary to formulate a reasonable temperature rise curve and select a suitable furnace method according to the expansion characteristics of the furnace refractories. At present, there are many kinds of baking methods, but as far as float glass melting furnaces are concerned, the hot air baking kiln is the most used. The basic principle is to fully burn the fuel in the burner and mix it with a large amount of excess air. After being heated to a certain temperature, it is sprayed into the kiln. The kiln is filled with slightly positive pressure gas, and the kiln body can evenly heat up and expand under the full convection of hot air flow. The advantages of hot-air kiln are simple control, small temperature difference, uniform expansion of the kiln body, and energy saving. Most of the hot air baking capacity uses diesel as fuel. The following uses diesel as fuel and compressed air as the atomizing medium as an example to illustrate the process and operating characteristics of the hot air kiln
Preparation before the oven
a. Inspection, cleaning and preparation of the furnace body
Comprehensively inspect the furnace, deal with all remaining problems in the construction, remove all construction equipment, check all reserved expansion joints, remove any debris that affects expansion, and the distance between the dense body and the fixed building must have sufficient reserved expansion gap . Check whether all the steel components of the melting cellar meet the requirements of the design specification, and whether there is local jamming during the expansion of the melting cellar. The main braces, bolts, and nuts are cleaned and lubricated with lubricating oil. All bolts (top wires) and braces should have enough thread length for tight adjustment during baking.
Carefully clean the inner surface of the furnace, pay special attention to cleaning refractory materials, iron nails, welding rod remaining ends, etc., and finally clean it with compressed air. Special attention should be paid to the cooling part and the pool bottom and wall parts of the neck.
Lay all the plug joints (expansion joints) bricks flat beside each expansion joint in Daqu, and bake them at the same time with the kiln to make preparations for filling the joints. Use aluminum silicate fiber felt to completely and comprehensively seal all expansion joints, holes, and holes at the top and bottom of the kiln. The outer surface of the melting furnace (including the melting part, the cooling part, the neck, and the top of the regenerator), except for about 1.0~1.5m in the middle, is covered with a layer of aluminum silicate fiber felt to prepare various refractory mud, A small amount of processed large mortar bricks (once there are bricks in the kiln “draw lots” for brick repair) and thin steel plates of various thicknesses for use.
b. Inspection and debugging of power system
The functional department should contact and coordinate with the power supply bureau and the water company to ensure that the dual-circuit safe and reliable power supply is required during the baking period; to ensure that the water and gas entering the plant, the air pressure at each point of use should meet the design and use requirements.
All substations, power distribution rooms, waste heat boilers, air compressor rooms and compressed air pipelines, oil supply and return systems, circulating water systems and tap water systems in the plant have been debugged and can be put into operation in a timely and safe manner as planned.
The kiln head oil, gas and steam system of the float workshop, reversing, metering, voltage stabilization, adjustment, and three major thermal equipment control systems, various gates, valves, fans, belts, and feeding systems have been debugged.
c. Preparation of baking equipment, tools, fuel, operation record charts, etc.
The kiln equipment and hot air generator are installed in place as required. The hot air pipe of the hot air generator arranged in the feeding pool and the lower edge of the first row of bricks of the L-shaped hanging wall are separated by aluminum silicate fiber felt to avoid The temperature of the hot air pipe is too high, causing the brick to burst. After the hot air generator of the feeding pool is installed, the feeding pool shall be sealed with refractory materials and water bags, as tight as possible without air leakage. The exposed part of the first row of bricks of the L-shaped suspended wall shall be covered with aluminum silicate fiber felt. The air outlet of the large brick door and ear pool at the rear of the melting part should be slightly higher than the air outlet of the hot air generator of the feeding pool to facilitate the circulation of hot air in the kiln.
Install the diesel oil storage tank, oil pump, oil supply and return pipeline for hot air baking kiln, etc., use compressed air atomized hot air generator, the design of the maximum working pressure of the oil supply and return pipeline and its auxiliary equipment is 0.8MPa, and the test pressure is 1.0MPa , Accepted qualified after adjustment and test.
Install thermocouples on the top of the furnace and other key parts. The installation depth of the thermocouple is based on the surface pressure below the chute and the water pressure at each point of use to meet the design and use requirements; ensure that the normal supply is 3cm, and install the display instrument at the same time, and select the point on the Daquan as the temperature control point.
A number of expansion scales (referred to as expansion scales) are placed on the top of the dome to measure the amount of expansion, usually three points per section. Dilatometer can also be used to measure. If a ruler and a hanging sign are used for measurement, the worker's labor intensity is relatively high due to the poor environment on the roof of the dome.
Prepare large and small pipe wrenches, wrenches, sleeves and other tools and enough diesel oil for the top wire of the elastic tie. The day before ignition, the oil storage tank should be fully stored, and safety and fire fighting work should be done around the oil storage tank. During the baking process, continue to contact and replenish the oil storage in time according to the fuel consumption. The label of diesel fuel should be suitable for the seasonal temperature.
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